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À partir d’avant-hierInformatique & geek

Take part in the PA Raspberry Pi Competition for UK schools

Every year, we are proud to judge at the PA Raspberry Pi Competition for UK schools, run by PA Consulting. In this free competition, teams of students from schools all over the UK imagine, design, and create Raspberry Pi–powered inventions.

Female engineer with Raspberry Pi device. Copyright © University of Southampton
Let’s inspire young people to take up a career in STEM!
© University of Southampton

The PA Raspberry Pi Competition aims to inspire young people aged 8 to 18 to learn STEM skills, teamwork, and creativity, and to move toward a career in STEM.

We invite all UK teachers to register if you have students at your school who would love to take part!

For the first 100 teams to complete registration and submit their entry form, PA Consulting provides a free Raspberry Pi Starter Kit to create their invention.

This year’s competition theme: Innovating for a better world

The theme is deliberately broad so that teams can show off their creativity and ingenuity.

  • All learners aged 8 to 18 can take part, and projects are judged in four age groups
  • The judging categories include team passion; simplicity and clarity of build instructions; world benefit; and commercial potential
  • The proposed budget for a team’s invention is around £100
  • The projects can be part of your students’ coursework
  • Entries must be submitted by Monday 22 March 2021
  • You’ll find more details and inspiration on the PA Raspberry Pi Competition webpage

Among all the entries, judges from the tech sector and the Raspberry Pi Foundation choose the finalists with the most outstanding inventions in their age group.

The Dynamix team, finalists in last round’s Y4–6 group, built a project called SmartRoad+

The final teams get to take part in an exciting awards event to present their creations so that the final winners can be selected. This round’s PA Raspberry Pi Awards Ceremony takes place on Wednesday 28 April 2021, and PA Consulting are currently considering whether this will be a physical or virtual event.

All teams that participate in the competition will be rewarded with certificates, and there’s of course the chance to win trophies and prizes too!

You can prepare with our free online courses

If you would like to boost your skills so you can better support your team, then sign up to one of our free online courses designed for educators:

Take inspiration from the winners of the previous round

All entries are welcome, no matter what your students’ experience is! Here are the outstanding projects from last year’s competition:

A look inside the air quality-monitoring project by Team Tempest, last round’s winners in the Y7–9 group

Find out more at the PA Raspberry Pi Competition webinar!

To support teachers in guiding their teams through the competition, PA Consulting will hold a webinar on 12 November 2020 at 4.30–5.30pm. Sign up to hear first-hand what’s involved in taking part in the PA Raspberry Pi Competition, and use the opportunity to ask questions!

The post Take part in the PA Raspberry Pi Competition for UK schools appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

Canon Could Be Working On A Lens Attachment For Smartphones

Par : Tyler Lee
Lens attachments for smartphones aren’t new, but oddly enough, traditional camera makers have shied away from this particular market segment. However, it seems that maybe, just maybe, Canon could be toying with the idea of creating a lens attachment accessory for smartphones.This is according to a patent discovered by Design Watch in which it seems that Canon has a patent for such an accessory. The patent isn’t exactly new as […]

New Study Finds That COVID-19 Antibody Immunity Might Wane Over Time

Par : Tyler Lee
There are certain diseases that you can get a vaccine for and more or less be guaranteed protection against it for the rest of your life, or at least for a very substantial period of time. However, there are also illnesses like the flu whose virus mutates every so often that even getting a vaccine will only protect you for about a year before it’s useless against the latest mutation […]

iMac With Apple Silicon Expected In First Half Of 2021

Par : Tyler Lee
Given that Apple has officially announced that they will begin to transition from Intel processors to their own chipsets, it’s really only a matter of time before the company’s entire lineup of Mac computers shifts to the company’s Apple Silicon chipsets, like the iMac in which an Apple Silicon refresh is expected in first half of 2021.This is according to a report from The China Times who claims that Apple […]

PS5’s SSD Expansion Card Will Cost $115

Par : Tyler Lee
Unfortunately unlike PCs where you can easily expand on the storage by inserting a new hard drive, it’s a different story for consoles, and this is why expansion cards are being sold for consoles. Sony’s upcoming PS5 will support SSD expansion cards and now thanks to a sighting at Walmart, it is expected to cost $115.The version spotted at Walmart is for the 500GB model, so it is possible that […]

Crash Bandicoot Will Arrive On iOS And Android In 2021

Par : Tyler Lee
Earlier this year, it was announced that a Crash Bandicoot game for iOS and Android devices was in development. King, the developer of the game, did not mention when the game would be released at that point in time, but it looks like we now have a timeframe to look forward to and that is in the spring of 2021.This seems like quite a long wait considering that the game […]

White Castle To Expand Robot Burger Flippers To More Locations

Par : Tyler Lee
One of the advantages of using robots to perform certain tasks is that for certain tasks that are repetitive, having a robot ensures consistency and also the fact that robots don’t need to rest. It seems that White Castle’s experience with Miso Robotics’ Flippy ROAR has proven to be a good one, so much so that the company plans to expand the robots to 10 more locations.For those unfamiliar, earlier […]

Google’s Fi 5G Does Not Support The iPhone 12 For Now

Par : Tyler Lee
If you’re subscribed to Google Fi’s MVNO service and just got yourself a brand new iPhone 12, you might notice that you are unable to connect to the network’s 5G service. It’s not a mistake because it appears that Google Fi currently does not support the iPhone 12, despite Google’s website stating that it should.Google’s website lists a handful of Samsung phones that they claim are designed for their Fi […]

Unreleased 16-inch MacBook Pro Referenced In Boot Camp

Par : Tyler Lee
Towards the end of 2019, Apple announced the 16-inch MacBook Pro. This was the first of its kind where previous models either came in a 13-inch or 15-inch variant. The company has yet to officially refresh the 16-inch model, but it seems that a 2020 refresh could indeed be in the works.This was revealed by none other than Apple themselves where according to the latest update to Boot Camp, Apple’s […]

It Looks Like Apple’s AirPower Is ‘Dead’…Again

Par : Tyler Lee
Back in 2019, Apple confirmed that their wireless charging mat AirPower was cancelled, but later in the year, there were reports suggesting that the project might not have been fully cancelled and that Apple was working internally to try and fix the issues before potentially relaunching it.However, according to a tweet by the ever-accurate Jon Prosser, it seems that we probably shouldn’t get our hopes up anymore. This is because […]

Alliance de compétences autour de la 5G privée

Les récents accords de partenariat annoncés par Verizon avec Microsoft et Nokia devraient, selon les experts, débouch (...)

Nintendo Switch Pro Could Use a Mini LED Display

Par : Tyler Lee
Due to the fact that the current Nintendo Switch can be played on your big screen TV, we suppose not many people paid too much attention or cared too much about the display quality on the console itself. While it might not necessarily be the best display we’ve seen, it’s more than adequate for most gamers.However, Nintendo is hoping to change that with a future new model. There have been […]

Some Claim The iPhone 12’s Frame Is Too Sharp And Are Cutting People’s Hands

Par : Tyler Lee
When Apple announced the iPhone 12, they revealed that the phone comes with a brand new design. It features flat edges around the phone similar to the design of the iPhone 4 and iPhone 5. It’s a welcome change, but could it be detrimental to users? Maybe, maybe not, if the claims on the internet are to be believed.According to a report from MyDrivers as initially shared by GizChina, it […]

MagSafe Only Charges At Full Speed When Paired With Apple’s 20W Charger

Par : Tyler Lee
There is a lot of confusion surrounding Apple’s new MagSafe charger. Apple claims that the device allows users to charge the new iPhone 12s at speeds of up to 15W, twice the charging speed compared to regular wireless charging on current iPhones. However, recent tests have found that using it with an older iPhone charges it at insanely low speeds of 2W.However, it turns out that maybe you might need […]

Check Out This Mandalorian Themed Xbox One Wireless Controller

Par : Tyler Lee
While the Xbox Series X and Series S will be released next month, it seems that Microsoft is preparing one last hurrah for its Xbox One. The company has since taken the wraps off a Mandalorian themed Xbox One wireless controller and a charging stand that can be yours for $160.We should point out that this controller could possibly be the last themed set that we see for the Xbox […]

Microsoft Will Force Internet Explorer Users To Open Some Links In Edge

Par : Tyler Lee
Now that Edge has become more or less the default browser on Windows computers, Microsoft would obviously love if more users to use it. There are obvious improvements made to Edge that make it a better choice over Internet Explorer, but we understand that some users might simply be too used to using IE and might be stubbornly keeping to it.However, it turns out that soon IE users might not […]

Thieves Try To Steal A Tesla, Gets Trolled By Its Owner Instead

Par : Tyler Lee
Pretty much all cars have some kind of alarm system that will go off when someone tries to break into your car, but if you can’t hear it, then that’s just too bad. However, with smarter cars like Tesla, its security system is obviously a lot more comprehensive, something that these thieves probably did not anticipate. According to Australian radio host Annabelle Brett, she was notified one day that her […]

How to improve your bash/sh shell script with ShellCheck lint script analysis tool

Par : Vivek Gite

{Updated} ShellCheck is a static analysis tool for shell scripts. One can use it to finds bugs in your shell scripts. It is written in Haskell. You can find warnings and suggestions for bash/sh shell scripts with this tool. Let us see how to install and use ShellCheck on a Linux or Unix-like system to enhance your shell scripts, avoid errors and productivity.

The post How to improve your bash/sh shell script with ShellCheck lint script analysis tool appeared first on nixCraft.

How to install VirtualBox on Ubuntu 20.04 Linux LTS

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I install VirtualBox application on Ubuntu 20.04 Linux LTS system?

The post How to install VirtualBox on Ubuntu 20.04 Linux LTS appeared first on nixCraft.

Oxford’s COVID-19 Vaccine Creates Immune Response In The Young And Old

Par : Tyler Lee
Life as we know it will probably never really return to normal until a successful treatment plan or cure for the coronavirus can be found. Even better would be the development of a vaccine that will protect people from even getting sick from it in the first place, and there is some good news on that front.This is because the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 vaccine appears to have triggered an […]

Revamped AirPods, AirPods Pro Coming In 2021

Par : Tyler Lee
Both Apple’s AirPods and AirPods Pro have not been refreshed for more than a year, but then again these are earphones and might not necessarily need to be refreshed on an annual basis. However, if you feel that both the AirPods and AirPods Pro could stand to be improved upon, 2021 could be the year to keep an eye out for the update.This is according to a report from Bloomberg […]

New book: Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python

Laura Sach and Martin O’Hanlon, who are both Learning Managers at the Raspberry Pi Foundation, have written a brand-new book to help you to get more out of your Python projects.

Cover of the book Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python

In Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python, Laura and Martin show you how to add buttons, boxes, pictures, colours, and more to your Python programs using the guizero library, which is easy to use and accessible for all, no matter your Python skills.

This new 156-page book is suitable for everyone — from beginners to experienced Python programmers — who wants to explore graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

Meet the authors

Screenshot of a Digital Making at Home live stream session
That’s Martin in the blue T-shirt with our Digital Making at Home live stream hosts Matt and Christina

You might have met Martin recently on one of our weekly Digital Making at Home live streams for young people, were he was a guest for an ‘ooey-GUI’ code-along session. He talked about his background and what it’s like creating projects and learning resources on a day-to-day basis.

Laura is also pretty cool! Here she is showing you how to solder your Raspberry Pi header pins:

Hi Laura!

Martin and Laura are also tonnes of fun on Twitter. You can find Martin as @martinohanlon, and Laura goes by @codeboom.

10 fun projects

In Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python, you’ll find ten fun Python projects to create with guizero, including a painting program, an emoji match game, and a stop-motion animation creator.

A double-page from the book Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python
A peek inside Laura’s and Martin’s new book

You will also learn:

  • How to create fun Python games and programs
  • How to code your own graphical user interfaces using windows, text boxes, buttons, images, and more
  • What event-based programming is
  • What good (and bad) user interface design is
A double-page from the book Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python
Ain’t it pretty?

Where can I get it?

You can buy Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python now from the Raspberry Pi Press online store, or the Raspberry Pi store in Cambridge, UK.

And if you don’t need the lovely new book, with its new-book smell, in your hands in real life, you can download a PDF version for free, courtesy of The MagPi magazine.

The post New book: Create Graphical User Interfaces with Python appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

libtraceevent>=5.9-1 update requires manual intervention

The libtraceevent package prior to version 5.9-1 was missing a soname link. This has been fixed in 5.9-1, so the upgrade will need to overwrite the untracked files created by ldconfig. If you get any of these errors

libtraceevent: /usr/lib/libtraceevent.so.1 exists in filesystem

when updating, use

pacman -Syu --overwrite /usr/lib/libtraceevent.so.1

to perform the upgrade.

Les fraudeurs en quête de vos points de fidélité durant la pandémie de COVID‑19

Les arnaqueurs gèrent même leurs propres « agences de voyage » sur le dark web, en utilisant abusivement des points de fidélité et des numéros de cartes de crédit volés.

L'article Les fraudeurs en quête de vos points de fidélité durant la pandémie de COVID‑19 a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Sécurisation des dispositifs médicaux: Un hacker peut‑il vous briser le cœur?

Pourquoi les dispositifs médicaux connectés sont-ils vulnérables aux attaques et quelle est la probabilité qu'ils soient piratés? Voici cinq failles numériques qui peuvent menacer votre santé.

L'article Sécurisation des dispositifs médicaux: Un hacker peut‑il vous briser le cœur? a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Formative assessment in the computer science classroom

In computing education research, considerable focus has been put on the design of teaching materials and learning resources, and investigating how young people learn computing concepts. But there has been less focus on assessment, particularly assessment for learning, which is called formative assessment. As classroom teachers are engaged in assessment activities all the time, it’s pretty strange that researchers in the area of computing and computer science in school have not put a lot of focus on this.

Shuchi Grover

That’s why in our most recent seminar, we were delighted to hear about formative assessment — assessment for learning — from Dr Shuchi Grover, of Looking Glass Ventures and Stanford University in the USA. Shuchi has a long track record of work in the learning sciences (called education research in the UK), and her contribution in the area of computational thinking has been hugely influential and widely drawn on in subsequent research.

Two types of assessment

Assessment is typically divided into two types:

  1. Summative assessment (i.e. assessing what has been learned), which typically takes place through examinations, final coursework, projects, etcetera.
  2. Formative assessment (i.e. assessment for learning), which is not aimed at giving grades and typically takes place through questioning, observation, plenary classroom activities, and dialogue with students.

Through formative assessment, teachers seek to find out where students are at, in order to use that information both to direct their preparation for the next teaching activities and to give students useful feedback to help them progress. Formative assessment can be used to surface misconceptions (or alternate conceptions) and for diagnosis of student difficulties.

Venn diagram of how formative assessment practices intersect with teacher knowledge and skills
Click to enlarge

As Shuchi outlined in her talk, a variety of activities can be used for formative assessment, for example:

  • Self- and peer-assessment activities (commonly used in schools).
  • Different forms of questioning and quizzes to support learning (not graded tests).
  • Rubrics and self-explanations (for assessing projects).

A framework for formative assessment

Shuchi described her own research in this topic, including a framework she has developed for formative assessment. This comprises three pillars:

  1. Assessment design.
  2. Teacher or classroom practice.
  3. The role of the community in furthering assessment practice.
Shuchi Grover's framework for formative assessment
Click to enlarge

Shuchi’s presentation then focused on part of the first pillar in the framework: types of assessments, and particularly types of multiple-choice questions that can be automatically marked or graded using software tools. Tools obviously don’t replace teachers, but they can be really useful for providing timely and short-turnaround feedback for students.

As part of formative assessment, carefully chosen questions can also be used to reveal students’ misconceptions about the subject matter — these are called diagnostic questions. Shuchi discussed how in a classroom setting, teachers can employ this kind of question to help them decide what to focus on in future lessons, and to understand their students’ alternate or different conceptions of a topic. 

Formative assessment of programming skills

The remainder of the seminar focused on the formative assessment of programming skills. There are many ways of assessing developing programming skills (see Shuchi’s slides), including Parsons problems, microworlds, hotspot items, rubrics (for artifacts), and multiple-choice questions. As an MCQ example, in the figure below you can see some snippets of block-based code, which students need to read and work out what the outcome of running the snippets will be. 

Click to enlarge

Questions such as this highlight that it’s important for learners to engage in code comprehension and code reading activities when learning to program. This really underlines the fact that such assessment exercises can be used to support learning just as much as to monitor progress.

Formative assessment: our support for teachers

Interestingly, Shuchi commented that in her experience, teachers in the UK are more used to using code reading activities than US teachers. This may be because code comprehension activities are embedded into the curriculum materials and support for pedagogy, both of which the Raspberry Pi Foundation developed as part of the National Centre for Computing Education in England. We explicitly share approaches to teaching programming that incorporate code reading, for example the PRIMM approach. Moreover, our work in the Raspberry Pi Foundation includes the Isaac Computer Science online learning platform for A level computer science students and teachers, which is centered around different types of questions designed as tools for learning.

All these materials are freely available to teachers wherever they are based.

Further work on formative assessment

Based on her work in US classrooms researching this topic, Shuchi’s call to action for teachers was to pay attention to formative assessment in computer science classrooms and to investigate what useful tools can support them to give feedback to students about their learning. 

Advice from Shuchi Grover on how to embed formative assessment in classroom practice
Click to enlarge

Shuchi is currently involved in an NSF-funded research project called CS Assess to further develop formative assessment in computer science via a community of educators. For further reading, there are two chapters related to formative assessment in computer science classrooms in the recently published book Computer Science in K-12 edited by Shuchi.

There was much to take away from this seminar, and we are really grateful to Shuchi for her input and look forward to hearing more about her developing project.

Join our next seminar

If you missed the seminar, you can find the presentation slides and a recording of the Shuchi’s talk on our seminars page.

In our next seminar on Tuesday 3 November at 17:00–18:30 BST / 12:00–13:30 EDT / 9:00–10:30 PT / 18:00–19:30 CEST, I will be presenting my work on PRIMM, particularly focusing on language and talk in programming lessons. To join, simply sign up with your name and email address.

Once you’ve signed up, we’ll email you the seminar meeting link and instructions for joining. If you attended this past seminar, the link remains the same.

The post Formative assessment in the computer science classroom appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

How to install MySQL server on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Linux

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I install MySQL server 8.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Linux server? How can I add a new MySQL user and database on the newly set up Ubuntu server?

The post How to install MySQL server on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Linux appeared first on nixCraft.

Google corrige une faille zero day Chrome utilisée par les attaquants

En plus de corriger le bogue activement exploité, la mise à jour apporte également des corrections pour quatre autres failles de sécurité.

L'article Google corrige une faille zero day Chrome utilisée par les attaquants a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Vous pensez que vos données personnelles ont été supprimées? Pas si vite!

Il peut être impossible de supprimer vos informations personnelles de Houseparty et d'autres services de médias sociaux - malgré les législations sur la vie privée!

L'article Vous pensez que vos données personnelles ont été supprimées? Pas si vite! a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

How To check LXD container BTRFS disk usage on Linux

Par : Vivek Gite
Here is a quick and dirty shell script I put to check LXD container size and how much space they are taking on the BTRFS subvolume. Naturally, you must run the script as a root user, and LXD must be configured with BTRFS storage backend on Linux operating systems. See how to set up and install LXD on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using the apt command

New Chair and Trustees of the Raspberry Pi Foundation

I am delighted to share the news that we have appointed a new Chair and Trustees of the Raspberry Pi Foundation. Between them, they bring an enormous range of experience and expertise to what is already a fantastic Board of Trustees, and I am really looking forward to working with them.

  • John Lazar
    John Lazar
  • Amali de Alwis
    Amali de Alwis
  • Charles Leadbeater
    Charles Leadbeater
  • Dan Labbad
    Dan Labbad

New Chair of the Board of Trustees: John Lazar 

John Lazar has been appointed as the new Chair of the Board of Trustees. John is a software engineer and business leader who is focused on combining technology and entrepreneurship to generate lasting positive impact.

Formerly the Chairman and CEO of Metaswitch Networks, John is now an angel investor, startup mentor, non-executive chairman and board director, including serving as the Chair of What3Words. He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and played an active role in developing the programme of study for England’s school Computer Science curriculum. John has also spent many years working on tech-related non-profit initiatives in Africa and co-founded Enza Capital, which invests in early-stage African technology companies that solve pressing problems.

John takes over the Chair from David Cleevely, who has reached the end of his two three-year terms as Trustee and Chair of the Foundation. David has made a huge contribution to the Foundation over that time, and we are delighted that he will continue to be involved in our work as one of the founding members of the Supporters Club.

New Trustees: Amali de Alwis, Charles Leadbeater, Dan Labbad

Alongside John, we are welcoming three new Trustees to the Board of Trustees: 

  • Amali de Alwis is the UK Managing Director of Microsoft for Startups, and is the former CEO of Code First: Girls. She is also a Board member at Ada National College for Digital Skills, sits on the Diversity & Inclusion Board at the Institute of Coding, is an Advisory Board member at the Founders Academy, and was a founding member at Tech Talent Charter.
  • Charles Leadbeater is an independent author, a social entrepreneur, and a leading authority on innovation and creativity. He has advised companies, cities, and governments around the world on innovation strategy and has researched and written extensively on innovation in education. Charles is also a Trustee of the Paul Hamlyn Foundation.
  • Dan Labbad is Chief Executive and Executive Member of the Board of The Crown Estate. He was previously at Lendlease, where he was Chief Executive Officer of Europe from 2009. Dan is also a Director of The Hornery Institute and Ark Schools.

New Member: Suranga Chandratillake 

I am also delighted to announce that we have appointed Suranga Chandratillake as a Member of the Raspberry Pi Foundation. Suranga is a technologist, entrepreneur, and investor.

Suranga Chandratillake

He founded the intelligent search company blinkx and is now a General Partner at Balderton Capital. Suranga is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and a World Economic Forum Young Global Leader, and he serves on the UK Government’s Council for Science and Technology.

What is a Board of Trustees anyway? 

As a charity, the Raspberry Pi Foundation is governed by a Board of Trustees that is ultimately responsible for what we do and how we are run. It is the Trustees’ job to make sure that we are focused on our mission, which for us means helping more people learn about computing, computer science, and related subjects. The Trustees also have all the usual responsibilities of company directors, including making sure that we use our resources effectively. As Chief Executive, I am accountable to the Board of Trustees. 

We’ve always been fortunate to attract the most amazing people to serve as Trustees and, as volunteers, they are incredibly generous with their time, sharing their expertise and experience on a wide range of issues. They are an important part of the team. Trustees serve for up to two terms of three years so that we always have fresh views and experience to draw on.

How do you appoint Trustees? 

Appointments to the Board of Trustees follow open recruitment and selection processes that are overseen by the Foundation’s Nominations Committee, supported by independent external advisers. Our aim is to appoint Trustees who bring different backgrounds, perspectives, and lived experience, as well as a range of skills. As with all appointments, we consider diversity at every aspect of the recruitment and selection processes.

Formally, Trustees are elected by the Foundation’s Members at our Annual General Meeting. This year’s AGM took place last week on Zoom. Members are also volunteers, and they play an important role in holding the Board of Trustees to account, helping to shape our strategy, and acting as advocates for our mission.

You can see the full list of Trustees and Members on our website.

The post New Chair and Trustees of the Raspberry Pi Foundation appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

How to check TLS/SSL certificate expiration date from command-line

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I check the TLS/SSL certificate expiration date from my Linux or Unix shell prompt? How can I find the TLS certificate expiry date from Linux and Unix shell scripts?

The post How to check TLS/SSL certificate expiration date from command-line appeared first on nixCraft.

Linux / UNIX Desktop Fun: Terminal ASCII Aquarium

Par : Vivek Gite

{Updated} You can now enjoy mysteries of the sea from the safety of your own terminal using ASCIIQuarium. It is an aquarium/sea animation in ASCII art created using perl.

The post Linux / UNIX Desktop Fun: Terminal ASCII Aquarium appeared first on nixCraft.

Designing the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4

Par : Alex Bate

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 designer Dominic Plunkett was kind enough to let us sit him down for a talk with Eben, before writing up his experience of bringing our latest board to life for today’s blog post. Enjoy.

When I joined Raspberry Pi, James, Eben and Gordon already had some ideas on the features they would like to see on the new Compute Module 4, and it was down to me to take these ideas and turn them into a product. Many people think design is a nice linear process: ideas, schematics, PCB, and then final product. In the real world the design process isn’t like this, and to get the best designs I often try something and iterate around the design loop to get the best possible solution within the constraints.

Form factor change

Previous Compute Modules were all in a 200-pin SODIMM form factor, but two important considerations pushed us to think about moving to a different form factor: the need to expose useful interfaces of the BCM2711 that are not present in earlier SoCs, and the desire to add extra components, which meant we needed to route tracks differently to make space on the PCB for the additional parts.

Breaking out BCM2711’s high-speed interfaces

We knew we wanted to get the extra features of the BCM2711 out to the connector so that users could make use of them in their products. High-speed interfaces like PCIe and HDMI are so fast coming out of the BCM2711 that they need special IO pins that can’t also support GPIO: if we were to change the functionality of a GPIO pin to one of the new high-speed signals, this would break backwards compatibility.

We could consider adding some sort of multiplexer to swap between old and new functionality, but this would cost space on the PCB, as well as reducing the integrity of the fast signals. This consideration alone drives the design to a new pinout. We could have tried to use one of the SODIMM connectors with extra pins; while this would give a board with similar dimensions to the existing Compute Modules, it too would break compatibility.

Compute Module 4 mounted on the IO Board
Compute Module 4 mounted on the IO Board

PCB space for additional components

We also wanted to add extra items to the PCB, so PCB space to put the additional parts was an important consideration. If you look carefully at a Compute Module 3 you can see a lot of tracks carrying signals from one side of the SoC to the pins on the edge connector. These tracks take up valuable PCB space, preventing components being fitted there. We could add extra PCB layers to move these tracks from an outer layer to an inner layer, but these extra layers add to the cost of the product.

This was one of the main drivers in changing to having two connectors on different edges of the board: doing so saves having to route tracks all the way across the PCB. So we arrived at a design that incorporated a rough split of which signals were going to end up on each of the connectors. The exact order of the signals wasn’t yet defined.

Trial PCB layouts

We experimented with trial PCB layouts for the Compute Module 4 and the CM4 IO Board to see how easy it would be to route the signals; even at this stage, the final size of the CM4 hadn’t been fixed. Over time, and after juggling parts around the PCB, I came to a sensible compromise. There were lots of things to consider, including the fact that the taller components had to go on the top side of the PCB.

The pinout was constantly being adjusted to an ordering that was a good compromise for both the CM4 and the IO Board. The IO Board layout was a really important consideration: after we made the first prototype boards, we decided to change the pinout slightly to make PCB layout on the IO Board even easier for the end user.

When the prototype Compute Module 4 IO Boards arrived back from manufacture, the connectors hadn’t arrived in time to be assembled by machine, so I fitted them by hand in the lab. Pro tip: if you have to fit connectors by hand, take your time to ensure they are lined up correctly, and use lots of flux to help the solder flow into the joints. Sometimes people use very small soldering iron tips thinking it will help; in fact, one of the goals of soldering is to get heat into the joint, and if the tip is too small it will be difficult to heat the solder joint sufficiently to make a good connection.

Compute Module 4 IO Board

New features

Whilst it was easy to add some headline features like a second HDMI port, other useful features don’t grab as much attention. One example is that we have simplified the powering requirements. Previous Compute Modules required multiple PSUs to power a board, and the power-up sequence had to be exactly correct. Compute Module 4 simply requires a single +5V PSU.

In fact, the simplest possible base board for Compute Module 4 just requires a +5V supply and one of the connectors and nothing else. You would need a CM4 variant with eMMC and wireless connectivity; you can boot the module with the eMMC, wireless connectivity gives you networking, and Bluetooth connectivity gives you access to IO devices. If you do add extra IO devices the CM4 also can provide a +3.3V supply to power those devices, avoiding the need for an external power supply.

We have seen some customers experience issues with adding wireless interfaces to previous Compute Modules, so a really important requirement was to provide the option of wireless support. We wanted to be as flexible as possible, so we have added support for an external antenna. Because radio certification can be a very hard and expensive process, we have a pre-certified external antenna kit that can be supplied with Compute Module 4. This should greatly simplify product certification for end products, although engineering designers should check to make certain of meeting all local requirements.

Antenna Kit and Compute Module 4

PCIe

This is probably the most exciting new interface to come to Compute Module 4. On the existing Raspberry Pi 4, this interface is used internally to add the XHCI controller which provides the USB 3 ports. By providing the PCIe externally, we are giving end users the choice of how they would like to use this interface. Many applications don’t need USB 3 performance, so the end user can make use of it in other ways — for NVMe drives, to take one example.

Ethernet

In order to have wired Ethernet connectivity with previous Compute Modules, you needed to add an external USB-to-Ethernet interface. This adds complexity to the IO board, and one of the aims of the new Compute Module 4 is to make interfacing to it simple. With this in mind, we added a physical Ethernet interface to CM4, and we also took the opportunity to add support for IEEE1588 to this. As a result, adding Gigabit wired networking to CM4 requires only the addition of a magjack; no extra silicon is needed. Because this is a true Gigabit interface, it is also faster than the USB-to-Ethernet interfaces that previous Compute Modules use.

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4

Open-sourcing the Compute Module 4 IO Board design files

Early on in the process, we decided that we were going to open-source the design files for the Compute Module 4 IO Board. We used our big expensive CAD system for Compute Module 4 itself, and while we could have decided to do the design for the IO Board in the big CAD system too and then port it across to KiCAD, it’s easy to introduce issues in the porting process.

So, instead, we used KiCAD for the IO Board from the start, and the design files that come out of KiCAD are the same ones that we use in manufacture. During development I had both CAD systems running at the same time on the computer.

Easier integration and enhanced possibilities

We have made some big changes to our new Compute Module 4 range, and these should make integration much simpler for our customers. Many interfaces now just need a connector and power, and the new form factor should enable people to design more compact and more powerful products. I look forward to seeing what our customers create over the next few years with Compute Module 4.

High-density connector on board underside

Get your Compute Module 4

The new Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 is available from our network of Approved Resellers. Head over to the Compute Module 4 product page and select your preferred variant to find your nearest reseller.

Can’t find a reseller near you? No worries. Many of our Approved Resellers ship internationally, so try a few other locations.

The post Designing the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

How to delete container with lxc (LXD) command on Linux

Par : Vivek Gite

Want to delete LXD based container with lxc command on Linux? Try these simple tips. To delete LXD instances/container and snapshots, we use the lxc delete command. However, the container/instance must be stopped, and all snapshots must be removed before removing the Linux container with the lxc command.

The post How to delete container with lxc (LXD) command on Linux appeared first on nixCraft.

nvidia 455.28 is incompatible with linux >= 5.9

nvidia is currently partially incompatible with linux >= 5.9 [1] [2]. While graphics should work fine, CUDA, OpenCL, and likely other features are broken. Users who've already upgraded and need those features are advised to switch to the linux-lts kernel for the time being until a fix for nvidia is available.

Votre clé USB est‑elle aussi sûre que vous le croyez?

Quels sont les principaux risques de sécurité à prendre en compte lors de l'utilisation de clés USB et comment pouvez-vous atténuer les menaces?

L'article Votre clé USB est‑elle aussi sûre que vous le croyez? a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Vulkan update: merged to Mesa

Par : Eben Upton

Today we have another guest post from Igalia’s Iago Toral, who has spent the past year working on the Mesa graphic driver stack for Raspberry Pi 4.

Four months ago we announced that work on the Vulkan effort for Raspberry Pi 4 (v3dv) was progressing well, and that we were moving the development to an open repository.

vkQuake3 on Raspberry Pi 4

This week, the Vulkan driver for Raspberry Pi 4 has been merged with Mesa upstream, becoming one of the official Vulkan Mesa drivers. This brings several advantages:

  • Easier to find: now anyone willing to test the driver just needs to go to the official Mesa repository
  • Bug tracking: issues/bugs can now be filed on the official Mesa repository bug tracker. If the problem affects other parts of the project, it will be easier for us to involve other Mesa developers.
  • Releasing: v3dv will be included in all Mesa releases. In due course, you will no longer need to go to an external repository to obtain the driver, as it will be included in the Mesa package for your distribution.
  • Maintenance: v3dv will be included in the Mesa Continuous Integration system, so every merge request will be tested to ensure that our driver still builds. More effort can go to new features and bug fixes rather than just keeping up with upstream changes.

Progress, and current status

We said back in June that we were passing over 70,000 tests from the Khronos Conformance Test Suite for Vulkan 1.0, and that we had an implementation for a significant subset of the Vulkan 1.0 API. Now we are passing over 100,000 tests, and have implemented the full Vulkan 1.0 API. Only a handful of CTS tests remain to be fixed.

Sascha Willems’ deferred multisampling demo

This doesn’t mean that our work is done, of course. Although the CTS is a really complete test suite, it is not the same as a real use case. As mentioned some of our updates, we have been testing the driver with Vulkan ports of the original Quake trilogy, but deeper and more detailed testing is needed. So the next step will be to test the driver with more use cases, and fixing any bugs or performance issues that we find during the process.

The post Vulkan update: merged to Mesa appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

Les élections américaines de 2020 menacées par les réseaux de zombies

Si une cyber-attaque ciblant l'élection présidentielle américaine de 2020 réussit le 3 novembre prochaine, (...)

Microsoft publie deux correctifs urgent pour Windows

Les défauts, dont aucun n'est activement exploité, ont été corrigés quelques jours seulement après le lancement mensuel du Patch Tuesday.

L'article Microsoft publie deux correctifs urgent pour Windows a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 on sale now from $25

Par : Eben Upton

It’s become a tradition that we follow each Raspberry Pi model with a system-on-module variant based on the same core silicon. Raspberry Pi 1 gave rise to the original Compute Module in 2014; Raspberry Pi 3 and 3+ were followed by Compute Module 3 and 3+ in 2017 and 2019 respectively. Only Raspberry Pi 2, our shortest-lived flagship product at just thirteen months, escaped the Compute Module treatment.

It’s been sixteen months since we unleashed Raspberry Pi 4 on the world, and today we’re announcing the launch of Compute Module 4, starting from $25.

Over half of the seven million Raspberry Pi units we sell each year go into industrial and commercial applications, from digital signage to thin clients to process automation. Many of these applications use the familiar single-board Raspberry Pi, but for users who want a more compact or custom form factor, or on-board eMMC storage, Compute Module products provide a simple way to move from a Raspberry Pi-based prototype to volume production.

A step change in performance

Built on the same 64-bit quad-core BCM2711 application processor as Raspberry Pi 4, our Compute Module 4 delivers a step change in performance over its predecessors: faster CPU cores, better multimedia, more interfacing capabilities, and, for the first time, a choice of RAM densities and a wireless connectivity option.

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4
Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4

You can find detailed specs here, but let’s run through the highlights:

  • 1.5GHz quad-core 64-bit ARM Cortex-A72 CPU
  • VideoCore VI graphics, supporting OpenGL ES 3.x
  • 4Kp60 hardware decode of H.265 (HEVC) video
  • 1080p60 hardware decode, and 1080p30 hardware encode of H.264 (AVC) video
  • Dual HDMI interfaces, at resolutions up to 4K
  • Single-lane PCI Express 2.0 interface
  • Dual MIPI DSI display, and dual MIPI CSI-2 camera interfaces
  • 1GB, 2GB, 4GB or 8GB LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM
  • Optional 8GB, 16GB or 32GB eMMC Flash storage
  • Optional 2.4GHz and 5GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac wireless LAN and Bluetooth 5.0
  • Gigabit Ethernet PHY with IEEE 1588 support
  • 28 GPIO pins, with up to 6 × UART, 6 × I2C and 5 × SPI
Compute Module 4 Lite (without eMMC Flash memory)
Compute Module 4 Lite, our variant without eMMC Flash memory

New, more compact form factor

Compute Module 4 introduces a brand new form factor, and a compatibility break with earlier Compute Modules. Where previous modules adopted the JEDEC DDR2 SODIMM mechanical standard, with I/O signals on an edge connector, we now bring I/O signals to two high-density perpendicular connectors (one for power and low-speed interfaces, and one for high-speed interfaces).

This significantly reduces the overall footprint of the module on its carrier board, letting you achieve smaller form factors for your products.

High-density connector on board underside
High-density connector on board underside

32 variants

With four RAM options, four Flash options, and optional wireless connectivity, we have a total of 32 variants, with prices ranging from $25 (for the 1GB RAM, Lite, no wireless variant) to $90 (for the 8GB RAM, 32GB Flash, wireless variant).

We’re very pleased that the four variants with 1GB RAM and no wireless keep the same price points ($25, $30, $35, and $40) as their Compute Module 3+ equivalents: once again, we’ve managed to pack a lot more performance into the platform without increasing the price.

You can find the full price list in the Compute Module 4 product brief.

Compute Module 4 IO Board

To help you get started with Compute Module 4, we are also launching an updated IO Board. Like the IO boards for earlier Compute Module products, this breaks out all the interfaces from the Compute Module to standard connectors, providing a ready-made development platform and a starting point for your own designs.

Compute Module 4 IO Board
Compute Module 4 IO Board

The IO board provides:

  • Two full-size HDMI ports
  • Gigabit Ethernet jack
  • Two USB 2.0 ports
  • MicroSD card socket (only for use with Lite, no-eMMC Compute Module 4 variants)
  • PCI Express Gen 2 x1 socket
  • HAT footprint with 40-pin GPIO connector and PoE header
  • 12V input via barrel jack (supports up to 26V if PCIe unused)
  • Camera and display FPC connectors
  • Real-time clock with battery backup

CAD for the IO board is available in KiCad format. You may recall that a few years ago we made a donation to support improvements to KiCad’s differential pair routing and track length control features; now you can use this feature-rich, open-source PCB layout package to design your own Compute Module carrier board.

Compute Module 4 mounted on the IO Board
Compute Module 4 mounted on the IO Board

In addition to serving as a development platform and reference design, we expect the IO board to be a finished product in its own right: if you require a Raspberry Pi that supports a wider range of input voltages, has all its major connectors in a single plane, or allows you to attach your own PCI Express devices, then Compute Module 4 with the IO Board does what you need.

We’ve set the price of the bare IO board at just $35, so a complete package including a Compute Module starts from $60.

Compute Module 4 Antenna Kit

We expect that most users of wireless Compute Module variants will be happy with the on-board PCB antenna. However, in some circumstances – for example, where the product is in a metal case, or where it is not possible to provide the necessary ground plane cut-out under the module – an external antenna will be required. The Compute Module 4 Antenna Kit comprises a whip antenna, with a bulkhead screw fixture and U.FL connector to attach to the socket on the module.

Antenna Kit and Compute Module 4
Antenna Kit and Compute Module 4

When using ether the Antenna Kit or the on-board antenna, you can take advantage of our modular certification to reduce the conformance testing costs for your finished product. And remember, the Raspberry Pi Integrator Programme is there to help you get your Compute Module-based product to market.

Our most powerful Compute Module

This is our best Compute Module yet. It’s also our first product designed by Dominic Plunkett, who joined us almost exactly a year ago.

I sat down with Dominic last week to discuss Compute Module 4 in greater detail, and you can find the video of our conversation here. Dominic will also be sharing more technical detail in the blog tomorrow.

In the meantime, check out the Compute Module 4 page for the datasheet and other details, and start thinking about what you’ll build with Compute Module 4.

The post Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 on sale now from $25 appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

5 choses que vous pouvez faire pour sécuriser votre bureau à domicile sans faire appel à un expert

Il n'est pas nécessaire d'être diplômé en cybersécurité ou de disposer d'un budget illimité pour bien maîtriser les bases de la sécurité - voici cinq éléments qui vous mettront sur la bonne voie

L'article 5 choses que vous pouvez faire pour sécuriser votre bureau à domicile sans faire appel à un expert a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Capsule cybersécurité: Verrouillage sécuritaire de smartphone

Du code PIN à l'authentification biométrique, de nombreuses options permettent de verrouiller votre smartphone. Quelle méthode est la plus sécuritaire?

L'article Capsule cybersécurité: Verrouillage sécuritaire de smartphone a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

Zoom commence à déployer le chiffrement de bout en bout

La plateforme de vidéoconférence met cette fonctionnalité à la disposition des utilisateurs des niveaux gratuits et payants.

L'article Zoom commence à déployer le chiffrement de bout en bout a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

50 000 caméras domestiques auraient été piratées, des images mises en ligne

Certaines séquences sont déjà apparues sur des sites pour adultes, les cybercriminels offrant un accès à vie à l'intégralité des vidéos volées pour 150 $ US.

L'article 50 000 caméras domestiques auraient été piratées, des images mises en ligne a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

55 failles de sécurité trouvées dans divers services Apple

Cinq pirates éthiques se sont partagés près de 300 000 dollars US en prime au bogue - jusqu'à présent.

L'article 55 failles de sécurité trouvées dans divers services Apple a d'abord été publié sur WeLiveSecurity

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