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À partir d’avant-hierArs Technica

SpaceX launches military satellites tuned to track hypersonic missiles

SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 rocket Wednesday with six missile-tracking satellites for the US military.

Enlarge / SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 rocket Wednesday with six missile-tracking satellites for the US military. (credit: SpaceX)

Two prototype satellites for the Missile Defense Agency and four missile-tracking satellites for the US Space Force rode a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket into orbit Wednesday from Florida's Space Coast.

These satellites are part of a new generation of spacecraft designed to track hypersonic missiles launched by China or Russia and perhaps emerging missile threats from Iran or North Korea, which are developing their own hypersonic weapons.

Hypersonic missiles are smaller and more maneuverable than conventional ballistic missiles, which the US military's legacy missile defense satellites can detect when they launch. Infrared sensors on the military's older-generation missile tracking satellites are tuned to pick out bright thermal signatures from missile exhaust.

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Big Pharma spends billions more on executives and stockholders than on R&D

Par : Beth Mole
Big Pharma spends billions more on executives and stockholders than on R&D

Enlarge (credit: Senate HELP Committee)

When big pharmaceutical companies are confronted over their exorbitant pricing of prescription drugs in the US, they often retreat to two well-worn arguments: One, that the high drug prices cover costs of researching and developing new drugs, a risky and expensive endeavor, and two, that middle managers—pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs), to be specific—are actually the ones price gouging Americans.

Both of these arguments faced substantial blows in a hearing Thursday held by the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, chaired by Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.). In fact, pharmaceutical companies are spending billions of dollars more on lavish executive compensation, dividends, and stock buyouts than they spend on research and development (R&D) for new drugs, Sanders pointed out. "In other words, these companies are spending more to enrich their own stockholders and CEOs than they are in finding new cures and new treatments," he said.

And, while PBMs certainly contribute to America's uniquely astronomical drug pricing, their profiteering accounts for a small fraction of the massive drug market, Sanders and an expert panelist noted. PBMs work as shadowy middle managers between drugmakers, insurers, and pharmacies, setting drug formularies and consumer prices, and negotiating rebates and discounts behind the scenes. Though PBMs practices contribute to overall costs, they pale compared to pharmaceutical profits.

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Game developer survey: 50% work at a studio already using generative AI tools

The future of game development?

Enlarge / The future of game development? (credit: Getty Images)

A new survey of thousands of game development professionals finds a near-majority saying generative AI tools are already in use at their workplace. But a significant minority of developers say their company has no interest in generative AI tools or has outright banned their use.

The Game Developers Conference's 2024 State of the Industry report, released Thursday, aggregates the thoughts of over 3,000 industry professionals as of last October. While the annual survey (conducted in conjunction with research partner Omdia) has been running for 12 years, this is the first time respondents were asked directly about their use of generative AI tools such as ChatGPT, DALL-E, GitHub Copilot, and Adobe Generative Fill.

Forty-nine percent of the survey's developer respondents said that generative AI tools are currently being used in their workplace. That near-majority includes 31 percent (of all respondents) that say they use those tools themselves and 18 percent that say their colleagues do.

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Kids start paying attention to accuracy at about age 4

Humanoid mini robot with HUD hologram screen doing hand raised up on white background.

Enlarge / Why wouldn't you trust this little guy? He's so cute! (credit: Thamrongpat Theerathammakorn)

Making mistakes is human, but it's not limited to humans. Robots can also glitch. As we fast-forward into a future with upgraded AI technology making its way into the classroom (and beyond), are kids willing to trust information from a robot, or would they prefer it to come from a human?

That's the question researchers Li Xiaquian and Yow Wei Quin of Singapore University of Technology and Design wanted to answer. To see whether human or machine was more reliable, they ran an experiment with kids ages 3–5, giving them a screen that paired each of them with an accurate human, an inaccurate human, an accurate robot, or an inaccurate robot.

It turned out that both younger and older children trusted an accurate human or robot equally. However, younger kids given information by an inaccurate human or robot were more likely to trust the human—but why?

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Experimental antibiotic kills deadly superbug, opens whole new class of drugs

Par : Beth Mole
This digitally colorized scanning electron microscopic (SEM) depicts a number of clusters of aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria, under a relatively low magnification of 1,546X

Enlarge / This digitally colorized scanning electron microscopic (SEM) depicts a number of clusters of aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria, under a relatively low magnification of 1,546X

A new experimental antibiotic can handily knock off one of the world's most notoriously drug-resistant and deadly bacteria —in lab dishes and mice, at least. It does so with a never-before-seen method, cracking open an entirely new class of drugs that could yield more desperately needed new therapies for fighting drug-resistant infections.

The findings appeared this week in a pair of papers published in Nature, which lay out the extensive drug development work conducted by researchers at Harvard University and the Swiss-based pharmaceutical company Roche.

In an accompanying commentary, chemists Morgan Gugger and Paul Hergenrother of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign discussed the findings with optimism, noting that it has been more than 50 years since the Food and Drug Administration has approved a new class of antibiotics against the category of bacteria the drug targets: Gram-negative bacteria. This category—which includes gut pathogens such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and the bacteria that cause chlamydia, the bubonic plague, gonorrhea, whooping cough, cholera, and typhoid, to name a few—is extraordinarily challenging to kill because it's defined by having a complex membrane structure that blocks most drugs, and it's good at accumulating other drug-resistance strategies

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Worm’s rear end develops its own head, wanders off to mate

Three images of worm-like organisms.

Enlarge / From left to right, the head of an actual worm, and the stolon of a male and female. (credit: Nakamura et. al.)

Some do it horizontally, some do it vertically, some do it sexually, and some asexually. Then there are some organisms that would rather grow a butt that develops into an autonomous appendage equipped with its own antennae, eyes, and brain. This appendage will detach from the main body and swim away, carrying gonads that will merge with those from other disembodied rear ends and give rise to a new generation.

Wait, what in the science fiction B-movie alien star system is this thing?

Megasyllis nipponica really exists on Earth. Otherwise known as the Japanese green syllid worm, it reproduces by a process known as stolonization, which sounds like the brainchild of a sci-fi horror genius but evolved in some annelid (segmented) worms to give future generations the best chance at survival. What was still a mystery (until now) was exactly how that bizarre appendage, or stolon, could form its own head in the middle of the worm’s body. Turns out this is a wonder of gene regulation.

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Why Unity felt the need to “rush out” its controversial install-fee program

A push for more IronSource customers may have been a major motivation behind Unity's controversial install-fee proposals

Enlarge / A push for more IronSource customers may have been a major motivation behind Unity's controversial install-fee proposals (credit: Unity)

It's been over a month now since Unity partially backtracked on its controversial proposed "pay per install" fee structure, a trust-destroying saga that seems to have contributed to the retirement of Unity CEO John Riccitiello. Now, a new report highlights some of the internal divisions over the "rushed-out" policy introduction and provides new insight into what may have been motivating the company to even attempt such a plan.

Business-focused site MobileGamer.biz cites multiple "sources from inside Unity and across the mobile games business" in reporting that Unity received some significant pushback from senior-level managers before rolling out its initial fee-restructuring plans. "Half of the people in that meeting said that this model is too complicated, it’s not going to be well-received, and we should talk to people before we do this," one anonymous source told the site. "It felt very rushed. We had this meeting and were told it was happening, but we were not told a date. And then before we knew it, it was out there."

After the negative reaction to that initial plan, Unity reportedly considered a modification that would take up to 4 percent of revenue from the largest Unity publishers—slightly under the 5 percent charged by the Unreal Engine. The final policy knocked that cap down to 2.5 percent only after the extent of the backlash became clear.

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Game devs express joy over “long overdue” retirement of Unity CEO Riccitiello

Unity developers won't have John Riccitiello to kick around anymore.

Enlarge / Unity developers won't have John Riccitiello to kick around anymore. (credit: Getty Images)

Following weeks of controversy, partial walkbacks, and apologies surrounding a new fee-based business structure for the Unity engine, game developers and financial markets have responded overwhelmingly positively to the recent news of Unity CEO John Riccitiello's sudden retirement. But that departure may not be enough to restore trust for many developers who have already moved on to other engines.

"Long, long overdue," Gloomwood developer Dillon Rogers wrote, summing up joyful reactions to Riccitiello's departure from across the game development community.

Necrosoft Games' Brandon Sheffield (Demonschool), who was one of the most outspoken critics of Unity's initial install-fee plans, wrote on social media that he "truly did not think [Riccitiello's departure] would happen." The CEO's apparent ouster "is the main thing Unity needed to do to start rebuilding trust, so... it's a start," Sheffield continued.

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Unity CEO John Riccitiello is retiring, effective immediately

Unity CEO John Riccitiello

Enlarge / Former Unity CEO John Riccitiello. (credit: Unity)

John Riccitiello, CEO of Unity, the company whose 3D game engine had recently seen backlash from developers over proposed fee structures, will retire as CEO, president, and board chairman at the company, according to a press release issued late on a Monday afternoon, one many observe as a holiday.

Riccitiello "will continue to advise Unity to ensure a smooth transition," the company stated, as it seeks to find a permanent CEO. James M. Whitehurst, a former Red Hat and IBM executive, will serve as interim CEO, while Roelof Botha, lead independent director of the Unity board, is now chairman.

“It’s been a privilege to lead Unity for nearly a decade and serve our employees, customers, developers and partners, all of whom have been instrumental to the Company’s growth,” Riccitiello said. “I look forward to supporting Unity through this transition and following the Company’s future success.”

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