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You can install LXD pure-container hypervisor on Debian 11 Linux to run an unmodified version of Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Fedora, Alpine, Arch and many other Linux distro. You can mimic AWS or different cloud instance types with LXD for testing and deployment purposes on your development machine. You can also run a GUI app such as Firefox completely isolated using LXD for security or privacy reasons. Let us see how to set up and use LXD on the Debian Linux 11 server or desktop.
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Ubuntu 22.04 LTS comes with LXD pure-container hypervisor to run an unmodified version of Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Fedora, Alpine, Arch and many other Linux distro. You can mimic AWS or different cloud instance types with LXD for testing and deployment purposes on your development machine. You can also run a GUI app such as Firefox completely isolated using LXD for security or privacy reasons. Let us see how to set up and use LXD on the Ubuntu Linux 22.04 LTS using APT or snap command.
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IP aliasing is nothing but associating more than one IP address to a network interface such as eth0. For example, using the following methods, you can add an IP alias on Amazon Linux 2.
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I am a new Ubuntu Linux 22.04 LTS server user. How do I set up an OpenVPN Server on Ubuntu Linux version 22.04 server to shield my browsing activity from bad guys on public Wi-Fi, set protective parameter vpn for developers and more?
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I am a new Debian Linux 11 server user. How do I set up an OpenVPN Server on Debian Linux version 11 server to shield my browsing activity from bad guys on public Wi-Fi, and more?
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One can use a hardware security key such as YubiKey for OTP or FIDO2 for additional security on Linux to protect disks, ssh keys, password manager, web applications and more. Since I am a full-time Linux desktop user, I thought today I would document how to install the YubiKey GUI Manager to configure functionality on […]
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Another day I wrote about setting up ssh public key password-less authentication for FreeBSD server version 12/13 with an optional 2FA hardware USB key (FIDO 2) for additional protection. However, FIDO2 and key type ecdsa-sk and ed25519-sk are not supported by the OpenSSH client and server version shipped with FreeBSD 12 or 13. But, fear not, we can safely upgrade the OpenSSH version using ports collection. This page explains how to install and configure the latest portable version of the OpenSSH client and server on FreeBSD 13.
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This page explains setting up a static IP address on the FreeBSD Unix system using the command-line options.
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The ffmpeg is free and open-source video converter software for Linux and Unix-like systems. However, on Ubuntu/Debian Linux and other distros, NVIDIA hardware-based encoding is disabled at compile time. So, naturally, you need supporting NVIDIA GPU. Apart from that, it would be best if you had CUDA support installed with GNU compilers. Let us see how to install everything one by one on a server or desktop powered by Ubuntu or Debian Linux.
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The post How to install FFmpeg with NVIDIA GPU acceleration on Linux appeared first on nixCraft.
Core dumps created for diagnosing and debugging errors in Linux apps. They are also known as memory dump, crash dump, system dump, or ABEND dump. However, core dumps may contain sensitive info—for example, passwords, user data such as PAN, SSN, or encryption keys. Hence, we must disable them on production Linux servers.
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The post How to disable core dumps in Linux including systemd appeared first on nixCraft.
I need to restrict access to /app/ directory on Nginx. How do I set up password protect a directory with Nginx .htpasswd authentication on Linux or Unix-like systems?
The post How to password protect directory with Nginx .htpasswd authentication appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I install, set up and configure a FreeBSD 12 jail with VNET on ZFS? How can I create FreeBSD 12 VNET jail with /etc/jail.conf to run OpenVPN, Apache, Wireguard and other Internet-facing services securely on my BSD box?
The post How to set up FreeBSD 12 VNET jail with ZFS appeared first on nixCraft.
A text editor is an essential tool for both developers and sysadmin, especially when dealing with text based sessions. We use a text editor to create, edit, and update text. A text editor is used for many things. Some use them to write documents. Some people write code and others use it to edit Linux and Unix configuration files locally or remote servers running in the cloud. Let us see the top 6 text editors for Linux, macOS, and Unix command-line users/developers.
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I have an Intel Corporation Wireless/WiFi 8265 / 8275 (rev 78) card. How do I configure this card? I always get an error, "iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-8265-36.ucode". How do I load iwlwifi-8265-36 firmware and enable this driver card on Debian Linux version 10/11 and assign an IP address using DHCP?
The post How to configure Intel Wifi on Debian Linux when you get firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-8265-36.ucode error appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I create an admin user in MySQL? How can I set up and create a superuser account in a MySQL server running on Linux or Unix-like systems? Can you provide a quick guide about making a superuser with root-like access to the MySQL or MariaDB databases?
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A video card is a special circuit board that controls what is displayed on a computer monitor. It is also called a graphics processing unit (GPU), which calculates 3D images and graphics for Linux gaming and other usages. Let us see the top 7 Linux GPU monitoring and diagnostic command-line tools to solve issues.
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I am a new Alpine Linux user. By default, my server name is set to 'localhost' during installation. Now, I would like to change the computer name. How do I change the Alpine Linux computer name? Can you tell me more about Alpine Linux change hostname command?
The post Alpine Linux Change Hostname (computer name) appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I integrate and configure Amazon/AWS SES with Postfix running on my FreeBSD Unix server?
The post FreeBSD configure AWS SES with Postfix MTA appeared first on nixCraft.
One of my PHP and bash scripts depends upon less command to display the help system to other users. But, whenever they run less on a particular version of CentOS or RHEL cloud server, they get an error that reads as: "bash: less: command not found." How do I install less utility on CentOS or RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux)/Fedora Linux server? How can I configure Linux containers such as Docker or Podman to install less automatically?
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How do I configure automatic unattended updates for Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS "Focal Fossa" server?
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I am a new user of Arch Linux operating system. How do I install htop on Arch Linux using the pacman command?
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Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) is a virtualization module for the Linux kernel that turns it into a hypervisor. How can I install KVM with bridged networking, set up a guest operating system as the back-end virtualization technology for non-graphic Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS server over ssh based session?
The post How to install KVM on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Headless Server appeared first on nixCraft.
I installed/set up a Wireguard VPN server on Debian 10 Linux box. How do I install, configure and set up a Wireguard client in a FreeBSD jail?
The post How to install a Wireguard VPN client in a FreeBSD jail appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I hold back packages on an Ubuntu / Debian Linux to prevent updating of a specific package? How can I blacklist package updates using the apt command/apt-get command?
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How do I get a wildcard TLS/SSL certificate from Let’s Encrypt using acme.sh and AWS Route53? How can I set up wildcard Let’s Encrypt SSL with AWS Route53 for Nginx or Apache?
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I read your Let's Encrypt TLS/SSL certificate acme.sh tutorial. But, I need to set up and use Cloudflare DNS with acme.sh. How do I secure my Nginx web server with Let's Encrypt TLS/SSL certificate issue with Cloudflare DNS?
The post How to issue Let’s Encrypt wildcard certificate with acme.sh and Cloudflare DNS appeared first on nixCraft.
I need source code of code of package installed using the apt-get command or apt command on Debian or Ubuntu. How do I get or download source code of package on a Debian or Ubuntu system? How can I download Ubuntu/Debian package's source code?
The post How to get source code of package using the apt command on Debian or Ubuntu appeared first on nixCraft.
I run the following command but getting error:
$ zypper ps
Check failed:
Please install package 'lsof' first.
How do I fix this error? How can I use the 'zypper ps' command on SELS/OpenSUSE 15.1/15.2 to find out if system reboot requires or not?
The post OpenSUSE install lsof package to get rid of ‘zypper ps’ errors appeared first on nixCraft.
I am a new user of Debian operating system. How do I install htop on Debian using the apt command or apt-get command?
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How do I add and delete users on Alpine Linux?
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I am a developer and using Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Linux server for my projects. I need to update installed packages for security on Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS server. How do I update my Ubuntu system using and validate that security patches are applied? Keeping your Ubuntu server system, kernel, docker, and the installed application is … Continue reading "Ubuntu 20.04 update installed packages for security"
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The post How To Create a Sudo User on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS appeared first on nixCraft.
The post How to Change Hostname on Ubuntu 20.04 appeared first on nixCraft.
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How do I install PHP extension called phpredis (php-redis) for interfacing with Redis cluster on CentOS 8 or RHEL 8?
The post How to Install phpredis on CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 appeared first on nixCraft.
I have a bunch of servers powered by Ubuntu and Debian Linux. How do I update all of them using the apt module of Ansible? How can I use Ansible for system updates and reboot the box when kernel upgrades took place?
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There is no sudo installed by default on my OpenSUSE Linux server. Other users and I need to use 'su -' command to run commands as root. How do I install a sudo package on OpenSUSE Linux?
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Can you explain DEBIAN_FRONTEND apt or apt-get variable? How and why I need to use this in Docker or shell scripts under a Debian and Ubuntu Linux?
The post Explain DEBIAN_FRONTEND apt-get variable for Ubuntu / Debian appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I add a user account with admin (sudo) access on Ubuntu or CentOS Linux cloud server? How can I add a new user with admin account level access in Linux?
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I need to update installed packages for security on CentOS 8.x (CentOS Enterprise Linux) server. How can I update my CentOS 8.x system using yum command?
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I am trying to extract a file using 'tar xvf file.tar.gz' syntax, but I am getting an error:
bash: tar: command not found
How do I fix this problem? How can I install tar on a CentOS/RHEL version 8, 7 or 6 desktop using yum command?
The post How to install tar on RHEL/CentOS 6/7/8 using yum appeared first on nixCraft.
I am a new sysadmin of OpenSUSE Linux operating system. How do I install htop on OpenSUSE using the zypper command?
The post How to install htop on OpenSUSE Linux using zypper appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I add / create a sudo user on CentOS Linux 8 using the command line?
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I have two LXD containers running. One is for Nginx, and another is for processing data. I need to share data between two containers. How do I add or mount a shared directory between two?
The post How to add or mount directory in LXD (Linux container) appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I check installed packages in CentOS Linux version 6.x/7.x/8.x? How can I List installed packages on CentOS Enterprise Linux server?
The post How to check and list installed packages in CentOS Linux appeared first on nixCraft.
How do I create a new user account on CentOS 7/8 Linux server using command-line options? How do I create a new user account with sudo access on CentOS 8 Linux server?
The post How to Create a new user account in CentOS 7/8 appeared first on nixCraft.
I am running file /usr/sbin/arp command on a Debian VM minimal but getting an error that read as:
bash: file: command not foundHow do I fix this error on a Debian or Ubuntu Linux system? How can I install file command on Linux cloud?
The post bash: file: command not found. How to install file appeared first on nixCraft.
I am getting the following warning on both CentOS 7 and RHEL (Red Hat) 7 when I run yum command:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
What is delta RPM (DRPM) and how does it differ from RPM? How do I fix this issue on a CentOS or RHEL 7 server/desktop?
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How do I find NVMe SSD temperature using Linux command line options?
The post Linux find NVMe SSD temperature using command line appeared first on nixCraft.
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