Connexion
As Pyongyang prepares to mark the 80th anniversary of the Workers’ Party on October 10, Kim Jong-un is expected to unveil a military showcase unlike any before it — not a parade for vanity, but a declaration of technological sovereignty in an age of imposed dependence.
From hypersonic missiles to nuclear-powered submarines, the DPRK’s display is not about intimidation — it’s about deterrence, about survival in a world where only the armed are left in peace.
The Arsenal
Hwasong-20: The New Spear of Deterrence
The latest in the Hwasong ICBM family, the Hwasong-20, features next-generation carbon-fiber composite construction and an advanced solid-fuel engine, giving it greater thrust, quicker launch readiness, and harder-to-intercept trajectories — the cornerstone of Pyongyang’s strategic deterrence.
Hwasong-11Ma & Hwasong-16B: The Hypersonic Leap
At last year’s military expo, North Korea unveiled the Hwasong-11Ma, merging the KN-23 SRBM platform with a hypersonic glide vehicle capable of flying at over Mach 5 while hugging the terrain. Its bigger sibling, the Hwasong-16B, pushes into Mach 12 territory — an intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) designed to outmaneuver Western missile defense.
Pukguksong-6: The Ocean Shadow
On March 8, Kim inspected new shipyards overseeing construction of a nuclear-powered guided missile submarine, reportedly to be armed with the Pukguksong-6 SLBM, capable of striking targets up to 12,000 km away. This transforms North Korea from a land-bound power into a genuine blue-water deterrent.
Destroyer Choe Hyon & Cruise Missile Pulhwasal-3-31
The DPRK’s 5,000-ton Choe Hyon-class destroyers will carry Pulhwasal-3-31 strategic cruise missiles, comparable to Russia’s Kalibr or America’s Tomahawk — a signal that the seas of the Pacific are no longer NATO’s playground.
Saetbyol-4 & Saetbyol-9: The Drones of a New Era
The Saetbyol-4 reconnaissance drone rivals the RQ-4 Global Hawk, while the Saetbyol-9 mirrors the MQ-9 Reaper — but these are indigenous, built without dependence on Western tech. DPRK units reportedly operating in Russia’s Kursk region have already gained experience in modern drone warfare.
Kim’s Artillery: The Great Equalizer
And then, there’s the backbone — the howitzers and rocket systems that define the Korean People’s Army.
The D-30 & M-30 122mm, M-1989 170mm, M-1991 240mm MLRS, and KN-09 300mm rockets form a thunderous orchestra of precision and power, forged in the same lessons learned from the Ukrainian front lines.
While the West drones on about “democracy,” Pyongyang is demonstrating self-reliance — the one thing empire fears most. In a world where NATO lectures the planet about rules, North Korea’s arsenal speaks the language of unapologetic sovereignty.
Kim Jong-un doesn’t seek approval from Washington or Brussels. His message is simple:
We watched Iraq. We watched Libya. We will never be next.
The DPRK’s deterrence is not madness, but simple calculus.
In a world that preaches “peace” through permanent militarization, Pyongyang has chosen security through strength, a mirror of Russia’s own doctrine, and increasingly, of every nation tired of Western coercion.
So when the tanks roll and the rockets roar on October 10, understand this:
It’s not just North Korea parading weapons, it’s the Global Majority parading defiance.
From Moscow to Pyongyang, from Tehran to Beijing, a new axis of sovereignty is forming, one that says to the empire: the days of your unchallenged dominion are over.
The whole Circus Ringmaster shtick, with each plot twist draped in several layers of hubris and empty bluster, only accelerates the BRICS/Global South high-speed train…
By Pepe Escobar at the Strategic Culture Foundation.
All of you Vietnam vets and draft resisters will recognize where this column’s headline is coming from. Oh yes, this ain’t the late 1960s anymore, so it’s time to revamp it – no AI needed – and expand it: from now on, be assured everyone in the wild, wild West will be forced to fight and/or endure three overlapping NATO wars.
War number 1
It’s Europe v. Russia, of course. Not proxy anymore: hot ‘n nasty, direct. Considering the advanced rottenness of the whole Ukrainian front, new fronts are already proliferating: the South Caucasus; clandestine ops in the Baltic Sea; MI6 recruiting frenzy across Central Asia; fresh terrorism ahead in the Black Sea, especially Crimea.
Col. Lawrence Wilkerson succinctly nailed it: we are already on WWIII. Actually we are already deep in the extended preamble to WWIII. Circus Ringmaster in D.C. and the billionaires/donor class behind him are of course clueless. Re-reading Keynes – The Economic Consequences of the Peace – is an absolute must like never before. History does (italics mine) repeat itself.
Yet this ain’t 1914 or 1935; now nuclear weapons may come into play.
The Kremlin and Russia’s Security Council are very much aware of the high stakes. In his recent interview to Kommersant, Sergei Shoigu even rolled out some key NATO numbers to stress the threat Russia faces: over 50,000 tanks and armored vehicles; over 7,000 combat aircraft; over 750 warships; 350 military and civilian satellites; an immense offense (italics mine) budget.
Well, what sly Shoigu did not say is that when push comes to shove, it only takes Mr. Khinzal, Mr. Sarmat, Mr. Zircon and Mr. Oreshnik to deliver a few strategic business cards to paralyze the whole NATO machinery in a matter of minutes.
War number 2
It’s the Empire of Chaos v. Iran in West Asia, with Eretz Israel as much as proxy as a lead actor.
The Circus Ringmaster – whose only “strategy” is to concoct shady deals to enrich himself and shysters in his close circle – dreams of an Israeli-centric West Asia, a toxic crossover of the Abraham Accords 2.0 with the IMEC corridor, creating, as Alastair Crooke defined it, “a business-led West Asia, centered on Tel Aviv (with Trump as its de facto ‘President’), and via this business connectivity corridor, be able “to strike further beyond – with the Gulf States penetrating into BRICS’ south Asian heartland to disrupt BRICS connectivity and corridors.”
Using the Arabs against BRICS won’t cut it even with MbZ in the UAE and MbS in Saudi Arabia, who have both realized the business scam will only work if there is real peace in Gaza; some sort of humanitarian solution for the Palestinians; and rebuilding the Gaza strip.
The death cult in Tel Aviv will never allow any of the above: their plan is to kill them all, steal all their land, and eradicate their culture. And as the genocide goes on – totally legitimized by the NATO sphere – the death cult keeps bombing anything in sight, perpetrating the balkanization of Syria, and expanding Eretz Israel.
War number 3
It’s NATO against China. Already decided in the latest summit in The Hague, side by side with the continuing war on Russia.
Yet actually the scam is much bigger: it’s NATO’s war on BRICS.
That was announced, casually, by that unspeakable Dutch mediocrity that makes former slab of Norwegian wood Stoltenberg sound like a quantum physics star. NATO’s Secretary-General Rutti Frutti actually threatened India, China and Brazil directly, and ordered them to “call Putin” to prevent “Daddy” Trump from unleashing his next Tariff Temper Tantrum (TTT).
Beijing is hardly breaking a sweat. China humiliated the Circus Ringmaster by not backing down one inch in their trade/tariff war. Russia humiliated the Circus Ringmaster by not being coerced into a pathetic “ceasefire” – as in allowing NATO to re-arm. Iran humiliated the Circus Ringmaster by not signing an unconditional surrender. The Houthis humiliated the U.S. Navy – now that’s one for the military annals – by forcing the Circus Ringmaster into a ceasefire after $1billion in failed bombing.
Lula in Brazil is about to humiliate the Circus Ringmaster by affirming Brazilian sovereignty in the face of an all-out trade and financial war (Trump even threatened to tax the popular Brazilian digital payment system, PIX). If slapped with 50% tariffs, Lula said Brasilia will slap the Empire of Chaos back under a reciprocity law.
The whole Circus Ringmaster shtick, with each plot twist draped in several layers of hubris and empty bluster, only accelerates the BRICS/Global South high-speed train, now increasingly being shaped as a geoeconomic, geopolitical and geo-strategic alliance of trans-continental proportions, reaffirmed at the Rio summit.
All that led, of course, by what I have been describing as the new Primakov triangle: the new RIC, Russia, Iran and China, complete with their interlocking strategic partnerships. Quite a few top Chinese academics not by accident are also starting to conceptualize the emerging, “post-West” environment with two new “I”s in BRICS: Iran and Indonesia, not India, should be at the heart of BRIICS.
Meanwhile, in Europe, Tricontinental analysis has noted how the – warmongering – German BlackRock chancellor has pledged “€650 billion over the next five years toward military spending in order to reach the [NATO] 5% target by 2035”. That means Berlin being forced to raise “about €144 billion per year”, via, what else, austerity and debt, translated into massive extra taxes on German consumers.
That, in a nutshell, is the “program” for the whole, fragmented, collective West in the near future: austerity for everyone (except the 0.01%); and NATO Wars, not Diamonds, Forever.
Captain Chaos definitely does not have the cards – which as even South Pacific penguins know, are all made in China.
By Pepe Escobar at the Strategic Culture Foundation.
SHANGHAI and HONG KONG – So, predictably, Captain Chaos did blink first. As much as he – and his sprawling media circus – could not possibly admit it.
It all started with “tariff exemptions” – from smartphones and computers to auto parts – on products imported from China. Then it veered towards carefully manicured leaks implying tariffs “could” be reduced to a range between 50% and 65%. And finally a terse admission that if there’s no deal, a “tariff number” will be unilaterally set.
China’s Ministry of Commerce was unforgiving: “Trying to trade away others’ interests for temporary gains is like bargaining with a tiger for its skin – it will only backfire”.
And it got fiercer. The Ministry was adamant that any Trump 2.0 claims of any progress on bilateral negotiations have “no factual basis” – de facto depicting the US President as a purveyor of fake news.
Tigers, tigers burning bright: the image does not recall poetry superstar William Blake, but Mao’s legendary depiction of the US Empire as a “paper tiger” – a flashback that struck me over and over again last week in Shanghai. If the US Empire was a paper tiger already in the 1960s, the Chinese argue, imagine now.
And the pain will increase, not only for the paper tiger: any dodgy deals made by foreign – vassal – pussycat governments at the expense of Chinese interests simply will be not be tolerated by Beijing.
Last week in Shanghai I was reminded over and over again – by academics and business people – that the weaponized Trump Tariff Tizzy (TTT) goes way beyond China: it is a desperate offense ordered by the US ruling classes against a peer competitor that scares the hell out of them.
The best Chinese analytical minds know exactly what’s going on in Washington. Take for instance this essay originally published by the influential Cultural Horizon magazine breaking down the “triangular power structure” of Trump 2.0.
We have all-power Trump forming a “super-establishment”; Silicon Valley money politics, represented by Elon Musk; and the new right-wing elite represented by VP J.D. Vance. End result: a “governance system that is almost parallel to the federal government.”
European chihuahuas – caught in the crossfire of Trump 2.0 – are simply incapable of such synthetic and precise conceptualization.
Paper tiger meets fiery dragon
What a deep dive in Shanghai has revealed is that China has been handed over a rare earth-like opportunity by Trump 2.0 to consolidate its strategic initiative solidifying the role of leader of the Global South/Global Majority, at the same time carefully managing the risk of a New Cold War.
Call it a Sun Tzu move that may paralyze the Empire in its tracks. Professor Zhang Weiwei, with whom I had the pleasure to share a seminar in Shanghai on the Russia-China strategic partnership, would agree.
China is on the move across the spectrum. Chinese Premier Li Qiang sent a letter to Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishibe urging a joint drive, right now, to counteract the tariff dementia.
President Xi’s top message in his Southeast Asia tour last week was to stand up against “unilateral bullying”.
Xi deftly moved between Malaysia – current rotating chair of ASEAN, always avoiding taking sides – and Vietnam – with its “bamboo diplomacy” always hedging between US and China.
Xi told Malaysia’s Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, directly: “We must safeguard the bright prospects of our Asian family”. Translation: let’s create an exclusive sphere of influence close to the ‘community of shared destiny’ but that does not include outside powers such as the US.
In parallel, there has been a strong debate – from Shanghai to Hong Kong – that transcends the role of China as the world’s factory: what matters now is how to redirect some of China’s astonishing manufacturing capacity towards the domestic market.
Of course there are problems – such as the lack of purchasing power among scores of Chinese domestic consumers, even as the bulk of national China income is directed to fixed-asset investments. A great deal of China’s rural elderly population survives on a monthly pension of roughly $30 a month, and the hourly rate for the gig economy has stagnated at around $4.
Meanwhile, in several high-tech fronts, China just built the fastest high-speed train on the planet: 400km/h, soon to run between Beijing and Shanghai. China is already receiving orders for the C919 commercial wide-bodied airliner. And China has come up with the world’s first thorium-powered nuclear reactor. Translation: unlimited cheap and clean energy is at hand.
The Mafia way of doing business
Hong Kong is a very special case. HSBC executives, for instance, worry about a possible decoupling between US and China – and wonder whether Hong Kong may survive without US trade.
Yes, it can. The US is Hong Kong’s third largest trade partner; yet Hong Kong’s export and import to the US are only 6,5% and 4%, respectively, of its total global exports and imports, including transshipment of goods back and forth from the mainland.
HK is a world-class logistics hub and free port. So as long as Trump 2.0 does not forbid trade with Hong Kong – well, anything can happen – imports should not be affected. Anyway, most of what HK exports – electronics, luxury goods, clothes, toys – can easily find alternative markets in Southeast Asia, West Asia and Europe.
The crucial point is that over half of Hong Kong trade is with the mainland. And the key fact is that China can easily survive without US trade. Beijing has been carefully preparing for it since Trump 1.0.
From Shanghai to Hong Kong, the best analytical minds are in tune with the inestimable Michael Hudson, who has emphasized, over and over again, how “the United States is the only country in the world that has weaponized its foreign trade; weaponized its foreign currency, the dollar; weaponized the international financial system; and treated every economic relationship in an adversarial way, to weaponize it.”
A self-confident, high-tech savvy China, from academics and business people to xiao long bao and pulled noodles vendors, graphically understands that the Empire of Chaos, in its drive to “isolate” China, is only isolating itself (and its chihuahuas).
Moreover it’s such a joy to see Michael Hudson also referring to the same “paper tiger” syndrome that I witnessed in Shanghai these past few days: “Well, America has become a paper tiger financially today. It doesn’t really have anything to offer except the threat of tariffs, the threat of suddenly disrupting all of the trade patterns that have been put in place over the last few decades.”
In Shanghai, I heard serial implacable dismissals of the so-called “Miran plan” – as in the paper published last November by Trump’s economic advisor “restructuring the global trading system”. Miran is the brain behind the Mar-a-Lago accord – whose rationale is to weaken the US dollar by forcing major economies – from China to Japan and the EU – to sell US dollar assets and swap short-term US Treasuries for 100-year bonds with zero interest.
Miran’s brilliant idea boils down to nations having only two options:
Zhao Xijun, co-dean of the China Capital Market Research Institute at Renmin University, destroyed the scheme succinctly: transferring money to the US Treasury like this is like “collecting protection money on the streets”. Translation: that’s the Mafia way, “a thuggish and domineering act, merely dressed up with the lofty justification of providing public goods”.
Meanwhile, in the Grand Chessboard, Beijing keeps working steadily side by side with Russia towards a Eurasian-wide security architecture anchored on a balance of powers: it’s all about the new Primakov triangle (RIC – Russia, Iran and China).
Top BRICS members Russia and China will not allow the Empire to attack fellow BRICS member Iran. And support comes in more ways than one. Example: more imperial energy sanctions on Iran? China will increase imports via Malaysia, and invest even more in Iran’s infrastructure, in tandem with Russia in respect to the International North South Transportation Corridor (INSTC).
In a nutshell: Captain Chaos definitely does not have the cards – which as even South Pacific penguins know, are all made in China.
An excellent wide ranging discussion and follow-up on the Spirit of Shanghai article.
Shanghai shows China relishes its new role as a Resistance beacon, bent on defying bullying, busy building a Global Majority consensus. It’s all about strategic patience …
By Pepe Escobar at Sputnik.
SHANGHAI – There could not be a more strategic place to spend these past Trump Tariff Tizzy (TTT) heady days than in Shanghai – China’s trade, commercial and cultural capital.
From the top of the Jin Mao tower in the world class Lujiazui financial district in Pudong, an elegantly discreet art deco companion to the World Financial Center super-skyscraper – the trademark symbol of China’s economic power – it’s as if the spokes of a wheel radiated to the Bund and beyond tracking a ceaseless drive to counteract the absurd idiocy of the “Emperor of Tariffs”, relentless mocked across myriad Chinese social media platforms.
I have had the privilege to transit from the Bund Financial Center, which hosts among others the Fosun Foundation – a bamboo-inspired architectural masterpiece – to the China Academy at the immaculate campus of Fudan University, where I shared a seminar with star professor Zhang Weiwei and a round table with top PhD students from several disciplines. Professor Zhang Weiwei is the foremost conceptualizer of China as a civilization-state.
The key theme of our seminar was the Russia-China strategic partnership, but inevitably the focus switched back and forth to the rationale behind the Emperor of Tariffs. The questions from the students were as sharp as they come. That was compounded with an in-depth interview for China Academy hosted by their CEO, the formidable Pan Xiaoli.
A visit to the HQ of Guancha – the top independent new/analysis site in China, whose several channels in several different platforms reach an astonishing 200 million people – could not have been more timely. Guo Jiezhen, a research fellow from the China Institute, who was part of our round table at Fudan University, came up with one of the more astute analyses of what he describes as Trump’s “deranged money-making technique“.
While meeting with Guancha’s new editor-in-chief He Shenquan and discussing with hyper-competent international relations specialist Kelly Liu and Yang Hanyi – the China Institute’s communication officer – we watched together an exceptional podcast featuring PLA Colonel Wang Lihua, Gao Zhikai – Deputy Director of the Center for China and Globalization (CCG) – and the always essential Li Bo, President of the Shanghai Chunqiu Development Strategy Institute.
Shanghai. At the spectacular, bamboo-themed Fosun Foundation.
And that’s when Mao Zedong’s legendary 1960s formulation of the US as a “paper tiger” – quoted in everything from Latin American guerrilla slogans to Godard movies – resurfaced with full force.
Wang Lihua picked up on what President Xi had told Putin at their landmark meeting at the Kremlin two years ago:
we are right in the middle of changes not seen in 100 years.
Wang: “This change cannot be changed all at once, and the trade war between China and the United States will not be resolved once and for all. This kind of friction and struggle, in the words of Chairman Mao, is ‘making trouble, failing, making trouble again, failing again, until destruction.’”
Wang wrapped up with what may encapsulate the general feeling in China, identified in every nook and cranny across Shanghai: “It is difficult for the United States to repair itself from within. Now the United States has to confront China and the whole world, and its strength is obviously not enough, so failure is inevitable. We are not afraid of a protracted war, because time is on our side.”
China “not afraid of war”, however it may manifest itself, from hybrid to hot, is the consensus feeling in Shanghai, borrowing from the Maoist concept of “united front”, and espoused from academics and business leaders to residents of “model quarters” of the Maoist era still impeccably preserved – and with an eye for innovation (example: row after row of a.c. outlets to feed the array of electric bikes parked in the internal patios).
The “Paper Tiger” Lashes Out
It was immensely enlightening to share business dinners with executives and sales people coming from several Chinese provinces – from the stunning Pei Mansion, one of the most beautiful early 20th century buildings in Shanghai, where star architect I.M. Pei lived for one year, to the best Xinjiang restaurant in town, Ali Yang, at the World Financial Center, complete with the full Uighur lamb experience.
In all conversations and debates, a constant: no illusions about Trump 2.0’s shifting strategy, and how it should be turned against him, Sun Tzu-style; how China must amass a solid set of bargaining chips; and most of all how, from the beginning, this was always a war of an elite section of the American ruling classes on China. The rest of the world is a sideshow.
So it’s no wonder that in every business dinner, after a matchless gastronomic feast, the conversation soon veered on how China’s strategy will not be about immediate damage control; and how China is already eyeing new links and nodes to deepen its long-term global competitiveness.
It’s an open question whether Trump 2.0 and his team of Sinophobes will manage to prevent the emergence of a Global Majority strategic alliance against the Empire of Chaos.
In Shanghai, and across China, submission is simply not an option. In cultural terms, Trump has managed to antagonize 1.4 billion Chinese, simultaneously, by treating the civilization-state without respect. The one thing that irks Chinese the most is mistreatment (see, for instance, the “century of humiliation”).
Shanghai. The view from my window on Jin Mao. No rare earths for barbarians.
A full-blown trade war? Deep decoupling? Bring it on.
The Emperor of Tariffs particularly hit Southeast Asia’s supply chains – Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar. For all ASEAN 10, their major trade partner is China. Chinese FDI is quite important in Cambodia and troubled, post-earthquake Myanmar. There’s no question ASEAN will have to act in a “strategically multilateral” manner.
President Xi’s timely tour of Vietnam, Cambodia and Malaysia is already setting the tone – corroborated by Foreign Minister Wang Yi: “South East Asia achieved a consensus: we will stand united and say no to these backward, regressive actions.”
Shanghai. Shanghai Tower from the Yu Garden.
The Trump Tariff Tizzy (TTT) is a war against BRICS and ASEAN – and the increasing presence of ASEAN within BRICS, as full members (Indonesia) and partners (Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam). Top Chinese intellectuals are fully aware of it. Trump, for his part, considering his record, does not even know what BRICS and ASEAN actually mean.
At the BRICS preparatory sherpa meetings ahead of the summit in early July in Rio, there’s already serious movement to counteract the “unprecedented protectionism” of the Trump trade war, as formulated by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture. Trump has already issued a trademark threat: a 150% tariff on BRICS members. Top BRICS member China is not intimidated.
Busy Building a Global Consensus Against Bullying
Meanwhile in Beijing, in tandem with all the intellectual frenzy in Shanghai, Jensen Huang, the CEO of Nvidia, wearing a business suit (he prefers leather jackets) as a sign of respect and speaking in English (even though he was born in Taiwan) had a mega-significant meeting with Ren Hongbin, chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT).
So here we have the multi-billionaire CEO of an American chip behemoth telling the Chinese government, in person, that his company remains totally committed to the Chinese market, despite Trump 2.0’s stiff export restrictions on AI chips.
A new book, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World’s Most Coveted Microchip, is essential reading to understand how Huang thinks. He’s an Asian immigrant who came from poverty; personifies the old-school American dream; does not take any nonsense from anyone; and is hyper-competitive. Huang is fully aware that Nvidia simply cannot lose the Chinese market; moreover he knows that before 2030 Chinese engineers will release their own GPU and may put Nvidia out of business.
Back to Shanghai, flying out of Pudong Airport it was easy to see why China’s air passenger traffic hit a record high in the first quarter of 2025 – even in a climate of “crisis” and fierce competition, including high-speed rail. Compound it with the human tsunami taking over Nanjing Road on a Friday night; that necessitates rows and rows of military police to discipline the human flow on both sides of the pedestrian mall.
The Tariff Emperor is being relentlessly mocked all across China.
Consumer crisis? What crisis? In parallel, across the Pacific, Taobao is now number 2 – and counting – on Apple’s App store in the US; everyone is eager not only for viral TikTok videos, but to go on an unlimited shopping spree of affordable made in China products.
On the military front, China has just come up with a non-nuclear hydrogen bomb. No uranium, No plutonium. Just a matchless chemical/engineering compound solution. Declining Empires waging proxy wars are so last century. The new Chinese bomb weighs just 2 kg; lasts fifteen times longer than TNT; and its fireball exceeds 1000 degrees Celsius.
The key lesson of these past heady days in Shanghai may be that China is now firmly, strategically focused all across the planet to occupy the moral high ground.
Trump Tariff Tizzy (TTT) may not improve the American trade deficit; what’s clear is that it has already imploded American trustworthiness.
Moreover, China’s absolute priority goes way beyond global trade: everyone familiar with Xi Jinping Thought knows it’s all about achieving “national modernization”, unification and weaving, with partners in all continents, a “community of shared future”.
So geopolitically and geoeconomically, this is the road map ahead: Shanghai is showing that China is relishing its new role as a Resistance beacon, bent on defying bullying, busy building a Global Majority consensus. It’s all about strategic patience – which a chaotic Empire out of control simply does not have.
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