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À partir d’avant-hiernixCraft

How to add cron job entry for acme.sh

Par : Vivek Gite
See all GNU/Linux related FAQ

Recently, I had a learning experience with cron jobs and acme.sh. acme.sh is an excellent tool that simplifies the management of Let's Encrypt TLS (SSL) certificates. It makes obtaining and renewing these essential security certificates for your web server easier.

Recently, I moved my server from Linode to AWS, which was a new environment for me. Initially, everything appeared to be working correctly, and I assumed everything was running smoothly. However, I forgot to migrate the cron job that acme.sh uses to renew the certificate automatically.

This oversight caused my Let's Encrypt certificates to expire, resulting in security warnings and potential disruptions for visitors to my website. Opps!

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The post How to add cron job entry for acme.sh appeared first on nixCraft.

How to verify Debian CD or DVD image using GPG

Par : Vivek Gite
See all Debian/Ubuntu Linux related FAQ

When you download Debian Linux CD or DVD images, you must verify the authenticity of Debian Linux CD or DVD images using the gpg and sha512sum command. There are three files you will find here for Debian 12 AMD64 Architecture (download those files using the wget command or use the curl command to download file):
$ wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-dvd/debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso \
https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-dvd/SHA512SUMS \
https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-dvd/SHA512SUMS.sign

Now you have three files as follows:

  1. debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso : DVD file for USB or DVD.
  2. SHA512SUMS : Checksum file for debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso to ensure that debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso file is not corrupted or contains bad stuff like backdoor.
  3. SHA512SUMS.sign : GPG signature file for SHA512SUMS file, which ensures that the checksums file themselves are correct.
You must put all these three files into the same directory for easy understanding and verification in a zippy. Use the ls command to list them:
{vivek@desktop:~}$ ls -l
Outputs:

-rw-rw-r-- 1 vivek vivek 3992977408 Feb 10 19:17 debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
-rw-rw-r-- 1 vivek vivek       3372 Feb 10 22:11 SHA512SUMS
-rw-rw-r-- 1 vivek vivek        833 Feb 11 01:43 SHA512SUMS.sign

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The post How to verify Debian CD or DVD image using GPG appeared first on nixCraft.

How to Set Up WireGuard VPN on Amazon Linux 2

Par : Vivek Gite
See all Amazon AWS web services related articles/faq

WireGuard is an open-source, free, modern, and fast VPN with state-of-the-art cryptography. It is like OpenSSH in simplicity and uses private and public keys. Hence, it is more straightforward as compared to IPSec and OpenVPN. Initially released for the Linux kernel, it works with other operating systems. This page explains how to install and set up WireGuard VPN on Amazon Linux EC2 or Lightsail server.

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The post How to Set Up WireGuard VPN on Amazon Linux 2 appeared first on nixCraft.

How to check TLS/SSL certificate expiration date from command-line

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I check the TLS/SSL certificate expiration date from my Linux or Unix shell prompt? How can I find the TLS certificate expiry date from Linux and Unix shell scripts?

The post How to check TLS/SSL certificate expiration date from command-line appeared first on nixCraft.

Route 53 Let’s Encrypt wildcard certificate with acme.sh

Par : Vivek Gite

Route 53 Let’s Encrypt wildcard certificate with acme.sh
How do I get a wildcard TLS/SSL certificate from Let’s Encrypt using acme.sh and AWS Route53? How can I set up wildcard Let’s Encrypt SSL with AWS Route53 for Nginx or Apache?

The post Route 53 Let’s Encrypt wildcard certificate with acme.sh appeared first on nixCraft.

ERROR: Test failed: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1091)

Par : Vivek Gite

When I install s3cmd package on my FreeBSD system and try to use the s3cmd command I get the following error:
    ERROR: Test failed: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1091)
How do I fix this problem on FreeBSD Unix system?

The post ERROR: Test failed: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1091) appeared first on nixCraft.

How to issue Let’s Encrypt wildcard certificate with acme.sh and Cloudflare DNS

Par : Vivek Gite

Cloudflare DNS with acme.sh
I read your Let's Encrypt TLS/SSL certificate acme.sh tutorial. But, I need to set up and use Cloudflare DNS with acme.sh. How do I secure my Nginx web server with Let's Encrypt TLS/SSL certificate issue with Cloudflare DNS?

The post How to issue Let’s Encrypt wildcard certificate with acme.sh and Cloudflare DNS appeared first on nixCraft.

How to secure Nginx with Let’s Encrypt on OpenSUSE 15.1/15.2

Par : Vivek Gite

Let's Encrypt is a free, automated, and open certificate authority for your website, email server, database server and more. This page shows how to use Let's Encrypt to install certificate for Nginx web server get SSL labs A+ score on an OpenSUSE Linux version 15.1 or 15.2

The post How to secure Nginx with Let’s Encrypt on OpenSUSE 15.1/15.2 appeared first on nixCraft.

How to create MySQL user and grant permissions in AWS RDS

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I create a new MySQL user and grant permissions in AWS RDS cloud service from the Linux command line?

The post How to create MySQL user and grant permissions in AWS RDS appeared first on nixCraft.

How To Secure Apache with mod_md Let’s Encrypt on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I secure Apache with mod_md Let's Encrypt on Ubuntu 20.04 and obtain a free TLS/SSL certificate? How do I secure Apache 2 with Let's Encrypt on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS server?

The post How To Secure Apache with mod_md Let’s Encrypt on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS appeared first on nixCraft.

How to forcefully renew Let’s Encrypt certificate

Par : Vivek Gite

Forcefully renew Letsencrypt certificate for Nginx and Apache web server

How do I forcefully renew the Letsencrypt certificate on an Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, RHEL, Fedora, or FreeBSD Unix systems?

The post How to forcefully renew Let’s Encrypt certificate appeared first on nixCraft.

Debian 10 set up WireGuard VPN server

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I install and set up WireGuard VPN server on a Debian 10 Linux server? How can I configure Debian 10 as the WireGuard VPN server?

The post Debian 10 set up WireGuard VPN server appeared first on nixCraft.

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes

Par : Vivek Gite

I am a new Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS server system administrator. How can I set up an OpenVPN Server on an Ubuntu Linux version 20.04 LTS server to shield my browsing activity from bad guys on public Wi-Fi, encrypt all traffic while connecting to 4G LTE network, and more?

The post Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes appeared first on nixCraft.

Ubuntu 20.04 set up WireGuard VPN server

Par : Vivek Gite

How can I install and set up WireGuard VPN server on an Ubuntu 20.4 LTS Linux server? How do I configure Ubuntu 20.04 as the WireGuard VPN server?

The post Ubuntu 20.04 set up WireGuard VPN server appeared first on nixCraft.

CentOS 8 set up WireGuard VPN server

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I install and set up WireGuard VPN server on a CentOS 8 Linux? How can I configure CentOS 8 as the WireGuard VPN server?

The post CentOS 8 set up WireGuard VPN server appeared first on nixCraft.

CentOS 8 Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I set up an OpenVPN Server on CentOS 8 Linux server to shield my browsing activity from bad guys on public Wi-Fi, and more?

The post CentOS 8 Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes appeared first on nixCraft.

Ubuntu Install Tinc and Set Up a Basic VPN

Par : Vivek Gite

How do I install Tinc and Set Up a Basic VPN on Ubuntu Linux 18.04/20.04 LTS server?

The post Ubuntu Install Tinc and Set Up a Basic VPN appeared first on nixCraft.

Debian 10 Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes

Par : Vivek Gite

I am a new Debian Linux 10 server user. How do I set up an OpenVPN Server on Debian Linux version 10 server to shield my browsing activity from bad guys on public Wi-Fi, and more?

The post Debian 10 Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes appeared first on nixCraft.

How To Set Up SSH Keys on RHEL 8

Par : Vivek Gite

I am a new RHEL 8 server sysadmin. How do I configure SSH public key-based authentication for RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) 8 server?

The post How To Set Up SSH Keys on RHEL 8 appeared first on nixCraft.

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